Detalle de: The vulnerability of mussel aquaculture: Understanding environmental threats and future directions

The mussel aquaculture, particularly in Galicia—the leading European producer—faces growing uncertainty in light of environmental changes. While production remained relatively stable over the last 15 years, 2023 saw a dramatic decline to levels not observed since the late 20th century. The causes behind this downturn remain unclear, but rising sea temperatures, ocean acidification , changes in upwelling patterns, and other climate related phenomena are believed to play a role. This study addresses these challenges by applying the Q method to analyze the perspectives of 59 stakeholders, primarily academics, within the mussel aquaculture sector. Five distinct stakeholder discourses were identified, each reflecting specific concerns and priorities. Three of the discourses underscore significant worries about the future of mussel aquaculture, with a particular focus on environmental stressors such as disruptions in upwelling patterns and seed availability issues. Other discourses highlight diverse viewpoints, including the potential impact of invasive species and socio-economic challenges like generational shifts within the sector. The study also explores strategies for navigating these challenges, including a stronger focus on international markets, regional product differentiation, and promoting the health benefits of mussels. These findings provide practical insights into the risks, opportunities, and strategies that could help ensure the sector's resilience and sustainability in an era of environmental and market uncertainties.