Detalle de: Type I interferon signalling and interferon‐responsive microglia in health and disease

Recent evidence suggests that type I interferon (IFN‐I) signalling extends beyond its canonical roles in antiviral defence and immunomodulation. Over the past decade, dysregulated IFN‐I signalling has been linked to genetic disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, where it may contribute to neurological impairments. Microglia have emerged as key mediators of IFN‐I responses in the central nervous system. A distinct transcriptional state responsive to interferons has recently been identified in microglia. The activation of the IFN‐I pathway in these cells is now recognised as pivotal in both development and neurodegeneration. This review is divided into two main sections: the first examines the broader role of IFN‐I signalling in the central nervous system, particularly its contribution to neurological dysfunction; the second focuses on the specific state of interferon‐responsive microglia, exploring its mechanisms and relevance in neurodegenerative conditions. Finally, we discuss how these areas intersect and their implications for both healthy and diseased states.