Detalle de: Editorial: Remodeling Composition and Function of Microbiome by Dietary Strategies-Functional Foods Perspective

Microbes inhabiting the human gastrointestinal tract have been under the spotlight during the last \ndecade, given the multiple associations detected between specific microbiota profiles and health \nstatus. Diet is widely recognized as the primary environmental variable shaping the intestinal \nmicrobiota in humans. Therefore, the study of diet-microbiota-host interactions deserves special \nattention to provide clues to several diseases, including cognitive, metabolic, and immune ones. In \na similar manner, the investigation of the molecular cross-talk between host cells and microbes \nin a particular nutritional environment also serves as the foundation for design of innovative \ntherapeutic strategies based on probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics. For instance, a recent \ninvestigation based on resistant starch suggests that discrete dietary fiber structures can be used to \ntarget the production of short-chain fatty acids (1), the major microbiota-derived effector molecules \nknown to have a wide range of action on host health (2). On the other hand, the gut microbiota has \nbeen disclosed to modulate the effect of dietary fiber on host health, supporting the notion that there \nis no one-fits-all diet in the way to seek cost-effective nutritional strategies for health improvement \nand weight control (3). Anyhow, consensual benefits for human health in microbiota-targeted \ndietary interventions are still perceived, pointing out, for instance, fermented foods as attenuators \nof inflammation, and modulators of gut microbiota (4). \nThe aim of the Frontiers in Nutrition Research Topic (RT) “Remodeling Composition and \nFunction of Microbiome by Dietary Strategies—Functional Foods Perspective” was to assemble \nclinical and pre-clinical studies deciphering the microbiome-driven effects on human health \nof innovative functional foods based on probiotics, prebiotics or synbiotics, as well as dietary \nsupplements. We provide an overview of this RT, including five original research articles and two \nreview articles.